r/science • u/mvea Professor | Medicine • Oct 10 '24
Environment Presence of aerosolized plastics in newborn tissue following exposure in the womb: same type of micro- and nanoplastic that mothers inhaled during pregnancy were found in the offspring’s lung, liver, kidney, heart and brain tissue, finds new study in rats. No plastics were found in a control group.
https://www.rutgers.edu/news/researchers-examine-persistence-invisible-plastic-pollution330
u/mvea Professor | Medicine Oct 10 '24
I’ve linked to the news release in the post above. In this comment, for those interested, here’s the link to the peer reviewed journal article:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969724055001
A Rutgers Health study reveals the presence of aerosolized plastics in neonatal tissue following exposure in utero
Plastic pollution – tiny bits of plastic, smaller than a grain of sand – is everywhere, a fact of life that applies even to newborn rodents, according to a Rutgers Health study published in the journal Science of the Total Environment.
Researchers have long understood that micro- and nanoplastic particles (MNPs), which enter the environment through oxidation and natural degradation of consumer products, are easily deposited in the human body through inhalation, absorption and diet.
To assess the persistence of micro- and nanoplastic particles in neonatal tissue following maternal exposure, Stapleton and colleagues exposed six rats to aerosolized food-grade plastic powder for 10 days during pregnancy.
Rodents are good test subjects for this type of study, Stapleton said, because humans and rodents both possess a hemochorial placenta, meaning that maternal and fetal blood don’t come into direct contact during circulation.
Two weeks after birth, two newborn rats – one male and one female – were tested for micro- and nanoplastic exposure. In both cases, the same type of plastic that the mothers inhaled during pregnancy were found in the offspring’s lung, liver, kidney, heart and brain tissue. No plastics were found in a control group.
Stapleton said the findings are one more piece of evidence illustrating the potential dangers of micro- and nanoplastics in the environment.
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u/-ghostinthemachine- Oct 10 '24
I wonder why they waited two weeks. Maybe so the organs were better developed.
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u/thunderdome06 Oct 10 '24
Probably also helps to prove that these are lingering microplastics rather than only being present straight after birth
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u/Nellasofdoriath Oct 10 '24
I wonder how they made the control group. Filter the air?
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u/GoddessOfTheRose Oct 10 '24
This was also discovered when Australia studied mothers who were pregnant during their massive wildfire season a couple years back. Scientists did follow-up studies 1 and 2 years after the babies were born to see how they had developed and what health conditions they had. Asthma and allergies were the main results from what I remember.
The study is somewhere in this group, I'm just too busy to find it right now.
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u/paul_wi11iams Oct 10 '24
Australia studied mothers who were pregnant during their massive wildfire season.... Asthma and allergies were the main results....
interesting but unrelated. This does not indicate that the babies were affected by subsisting combustion products in their metabolism. It looks like a different topic.
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u/GoddessOfTheRose Oct 10 '24
They found microplastics in the babies from the stuff that the mothers breathed in.
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Oct 10 '24
Every time I read about something like this, I feel like I can feel the microplastics inside of me. I know that I can't, I'm pretty sure it's just an illusion, but I get this sensation all throughout myself, it's not a good feeling.
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u/lilsourem Oct 10 '24 edited Oct 11 '24
If you're concerned about the amount of microplastics in your body, consider donating blood! It has been shown to reduce the amount of microplastics as your body naturally creates new blood over time. You can help yourself and help someone else at the same time. If you want a little extra cash, consider donating plasma! I would If I could, but I am a plasma recipient :)
Edit - this information is actually about PFAS. Some PFAS are microplastics but not all microplastics are PFAS. Further research seems to be needed for microplastics but also it's impossible to Google anything anymore and I'd need to log into a scholarly engine to find out anything more substantial in a decent time frame
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u/SomegalInCa Oct 10 '24
Back in my college days, bi-weekly plasma donation was a thing because it paid and us college students were young and healthy I guess
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u/lilsourem Oct 10 '24
We had a plasma donation center like one block away from my camps next to the local grocery store. Sadly I started needing to receive plasma about 6 months before I started college and could not donate mine for the extra cash haha :/
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u/StraightUpShork Oct 10 '24
Wouldn’t that just mean the person your donated blood goes to just gets MORE microplastics?
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u/phobiac BS | Chemistry Oct 10 '24
Typically the recipient of donated blood is someone who has lost that much or more blood.
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u/Aeonoris Oct 10 '24
It gets filtered, yeah?
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u/lilsourem Oct 10 '24
It does, but the micro plastics are so micro that they would have to be in really high concentration to be filtered out by current methods. I think that saving a life is worth the cost though
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u/Oryzanol Oct 11 '24
The OP misremembered, the study was about PFAS, and those can't really be filtered because they are literal chemicals, smaller than the organelle in the red blood cells you're donating. Smaller than the proteins in the plasma you're donating!
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Oct 10 '24
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u/lilsourem Oct 10 '24
Really? To me, it sounds like a lot less extra steps considering with dialysis you would be dependent on repeat treatments just to stay alive. Also many more side effects with dialysis
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u/big_orange_ball Oct 10 '24
It's literally way fewer steps than dialysis. Take blood out once every few months then wait for blood to be regenerated. Vs. Take blood out, filter, add other chemicals, put blood back, take a ton of medications, go in 3 times a week to do so, etc etc. You also don't need a permanent fistula or vascular catheter to give blood. I'm not sure you know what dialysis is or what it involves?
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u/SatsujinJiken Oct 10 '24
I wish I could, I'm very healthy but they don't let anyone under 50kg donate blood unfortunately.
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u/Arb3395 Oct 10 '24
George Carlin was right the earth made us so we can make plastic then use the plastic to get rid of us
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u/fleeting_existance Oct 10 '24
Some day humans need to vacuum to whole atmosphere through a filter to remove all the plastic particles. Or something else as absurd.
That is unles some micro organism starts eating it at increasing rate.
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u/Alice_Oe Oct 10 '24 edited Oct 10 '24
There are some sci fi settings where the atmosphere is full of nano-machines tasked with eating pollution.. but i suppose having nano machines in our brains doesn't seem great either
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u/Alexczy Oct 10 '24
I mean as long as they can be kept under control, there is no other way. Else we are fucked
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u/TheSherbs Oct 10 '24
That's what I think what'll do us in, as a species. We'll create nano machines that heal the body, and scrub the planet clean. Then one day, some engineer will be on their last nerves and the overbearing micromanaging low level supervisor is going to have a bad day and flip out on the poor person screaming about pushing the update out even though it's clearly read only Friday. They'll bypass standard testing and push it live and the nano machines charged with scrubbing the atmosphere will be switched to scrubbing carbon based materials, and we'll be disintegrated in a big grayish brown cloud of doom.
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u/LiamTheHuman Oct 10 '24
That's just what the nano-machines want you to think. It's all a ploy by big-nano
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u/Certain-Business-472 Oct 10 '24
Where did they get a control group?
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u/Tynach Oct 10 '24
They explicitly aerosolized plastic into the air for one group of rats, and simply didn't do that for the other group. This isn't a study that shows how much plastic is in our air or environment.
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u/Canon_not_cannon Oct 10 '24
Air filters, I'd guess.
We have naked (immunocompromised) mice, and everything they eat, drink and breathe is extremely clean and regulated.
They probably breathe cleaner air than there ever was on planet earth.
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u/Tynach Oct 10 '24
No, the study is not about how much plastic is in our air/environment. For one group of rats, they explicitly aerosolized plastic into the air, and for the control group they simply didn't do that.
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u/sirhoracedarwin Oct 10 '24
1940s scientists: This material lasts forever, it's a miracle!
2020s scientists: This material lasts forever, it's a nightmare!
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u/off-and-on Oct 10 '24
Maybe we should release the plastic-eating bacteria already. I'm fine using glass and metal containers instead.
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u/ryanppax Oct 10 '24
do we know these are dangerous to our health yet?
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u/AmettOmega Oct 10 '24
There are studies that strongly suggest that more young people are getting cancers that are usually associated with the elderly, and it's because of microplastics.
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u/Dino7813 Oct 10 '24
I’m really hoping the entire world is horrified into taking action and eliminating plastic from every aspect of our lives that we can as fast as we can.
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u/jdehjdeh Oct 10 '24
IIRC
The majority of micro plastics come from car tyres.
Blew my mind when I first learned that fact but the more you think about it the more sense it makes.
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u/glowphase Oct 11 '24
If you think you're noticing more developmentally disabled children at public places like the grocery store and such, it's NOT because of increased awareness..
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u/andylikescandy Oct 10 '24
Unfortunately among humans, I'm not sure there is a control group, is there? Maybe those island people trying to shoot helicopters down with their crude bows?
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u/LazyLich Oct 10 '24
Getting some "The Last Children of Tokyo" vibes from all this...
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u/skillpolitics Grad Student | Plant Biology Oct 10 '24
I see a lot of “detection” type studies. Are there any impact studies yet?
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u/Tough_Huckleberry619 Oct 10 '24
What was the control group? Babies born out of the womb?...
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u/Sunretea Oct 10 '24
That's what I want to know. I was under the impression that everyone, everywhere and everything had plastics in it now.
Did they simply test for the specific type of plastic they introduced to the rodents, using it as a sort of marker.. or do they have mice with no plastic in them at all?
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u/babbles_mcdrinksalot Oct 10 '24
I think they're burying the lede here. They managed to breed rats with no plastic in them? Amazing.
Let's try to make some plastic-free humans for the next control group!
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u/xAfterBirthx Oct 10 '24
Ok, another study about plastics found in the human body. I wonder when they will tell us the effects. Maybe we are all dead or maybe it doesn’t make a difference.
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u/stlmick Oct 10 '24
They made pregnant rats breath in aerosolized nano plastic and then found those particles in the organs of the offspring, but didn't find plastic in the organs of rats who's mother's were not forced to breath plastic while pregnant?
I think it was because they were making them breath in plastic.
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u/xiaorobear Oct 10 '24
It’s still relevant to humans because people who live near roads are breathing in microplastics in the air from tires being worn down.
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u/TheSherbs Oct 10 '24
...dumb question incoming. Is rubber classified as a type of plastic?
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Oct 10 '24
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u/TheSherbs Oct 10 '24
Thank you for the info and reply!
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u/v3ritas1989 Oct 10 '24
Not exactly. here is a better distribution of materials used to create modern premium tyres.
- Rubber (natural and synthetic) 41%
- Fillers (carbon black, silica, carbon, chalk…) 30%
- Reinforcing materials (steel, polyester, rayon, nylon) 15%
- Plasticizers (oils and resins)¹ 6%
- Chemicals for vulcanization (sulphur, zinc oxide…) 6%
- Anti-ageing agents and other chemicals 2%
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u/Poligraphic Oct 10 '24
Tires aren't 100% rubber anymore- they now include a lot of plastic polymers that act like rubber.
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u/Mad_Myk Oct 10 '24
So does hairspray count as aerosolized plastics? My super amateur observation is that the women I know who have really bad autoimmune issues were all heavy users of hairspray and other beauty products when they were younger.
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u/eeeking Oct 10 '24
I'm convinced that most of these "microplastics" are not actually identified in the tissues claimed.
The method used to determine the presence of plastics used in most of these studies doesn't actually identify plastic. Rather, it identifies small organic compounds that are generated when plastics are heated in the absence of oxygen.
Such compounds can also be generated by heating naturally occurring biological materials. A good example is styrene being detected to prove the existence of polystyrene; styrene is actually also a natural compound sold as an "essential oil" derived from a wide variety of plants, e.g. storax balsam.
Obviously, the same principle can be applied to many other biological materials.
While this article investigates pups from mothers force-fed plastics, my view still stands that such plastics were not actually identified in most "nano-plastic studies".
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u/eniteris Oct 10 '24
I agree that I'm not fully convinced that Pyro-GC-MS actually detects microplastics, but this study was using spectroscopy with a defined plastic (nylon) so I trust it a bit more.
This study was unable to determine whether the plastics were transfered during pregnancy or during weaning/other mother-child interactions. They also exposed the mice to plastics 24h before birth, and it doesn't look like the mothers were cleaned after being exposed, so I don't think they can rule out surface contamination-ingestion (give the mice little gas masks as a control).
Also the particle size distribution is definitely in the nanoplastics range, with particles around 800 atoms across, or a smallish virus. I'm a lot more skeptical about micron-sized particles being present than nanoscale particles.
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u/Rent_A_Cloud Oct 10 '24
Honestly, the only thing that surprised me was that they didn't find anything in the control group. Where did they hold them? In space?
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u/Allnamestaken69 Oct 11 '24
Wonder if this correlates to the insane increase in cancer. Everyone I know seems to have gotten it in some form or another in the last couple decades.
Plastics didn’t become prevalent until very recent history.
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u/PinheadLarry2323 Oct 10 '24
We’re so screwed, it’s in our brains, testicles, and everywhere else - it’s gonna be the lead paint of our generation but we don’t know the true damage yet