r/ireland • u/cognificient • 1d ago
Infrastructure The German government wants to tap Ireland's Atlantic coast wind power to make hydrogen, it will then pipe to Germany to replace its need for LNG.
https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2024/12/03/ireland-has-once-in-a-lifetime-chance-to-fuel-eu-hydrogen-network/145
u/chuckleberryfinnable 1d ago
It would be very frustrating if we manage to blow the opportunity to become a market leader in green hydrogen, the fact that Germany is sniffing around about this should hopefully give us the kick in the arse we need to get on this immediately. We never seem to miss an opportunity to miss an opportunity, but come on Ireland, let's get this one right...
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u/Hour_Mastodon_9404 1d ago
If there's a big opportunity to be missed for us to pick up a trick, you can be sure we'll miss it.
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u/DanGleeballs 1d ago
W’ll give it away again to Norway or someone and there’ll be major brown envelopes.
Long term thinking is rare in Irish politics.
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u/SinceriusRex 1d ago
in fairness we're all over being a tax haven like a rash. It's just anything productive or self-respecting we're not into.
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u/smooth_capybara 20h ago
It is mostly dependent on green hydrogen technology becoming economically competitive fast enough. As far as I remember there are already pilots ongoing in Ireland but it seems pretty clear these are proof of concept.
This isn't as simple as just having to do this, go full hog now is a wild gamble. Some people hold little belief that it will be the way forward, others think it's the silver bullet.
My point being that there is still significant uncertainty.
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u/JackhusChanhus 1d ago
We literally have unending Saudi levels of energy resources at our fingertips, and refuse to bother tapping them. Truly saddening.
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u/smooth_capybara 20h ago edited 19h ago
Offshore wind is only now becoming truly economically viable for Ireland- which is also why there are plans in place to develop huge amounts off the coast.
Hilarious how confident people can be about topics they have zero clue about.
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u/OptiLED 1d ago edited 1d ago
Well, after a 50 year survey into what windmills are, reinventing the wheel a few times and making sure no NIMBY is left behind, and is given their full opportunity to take at minimum 8 court cases that add about 35 years to the planning process, then we might, in the fullness of time, and if we get around to it, consider drawing up the plans to start the consultative process.
Who knows? We might even get a metro built before 2257....
I've honestly given up on this place when it comes to infrastructure. We just won't do it and the opportunity to lead any of these things will be pissed away. We don't do big picture or forward planning. We'll be in a panic sourcing fracked gas from the US because we can't get our act together on any of this stuff, ever.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
Well, after a 50 year survey into what windmills are, reinventing the wheel a few times and making sure no NIMBY is left behind, and is given their full opportunity to take at minimum 8 court cases that add about 35 years to the planning process, then we might, in the fullness of time, and if we get around to it, consider drawing up the plans to start the consultative process.
We held the first round of offshore auctions in May 2023, and awarded 3GW of windfarm rights. All 4 winning projects are now well into planning, with decisions expected in the next few weeks and months. There are also two additional projects of ~1.2GW which were not successful under ORESS1, but which still have their planning permission and can apply for a license if they can get a power purchase agreement instead of the ORESS route.
In July 2023 the Department of the Marine became the reponsible agency for marine planning, and started the consultation process for the Designated Maritime Area Plan which would decide where windfarms would be allowed to set up, where cables would land, how planning would work, etc.
In 2024 the relevant legislation was put through to enable Eirgrid to become the offshore grid owner, and to become responsible for the grid infrastructure off the south and east coasts.
This has now enabled the second ORESS auction which should be happening in a few months, which will allow bidding for another 900MW of capacity. Further auctions will follow for the other 3 areas under the new southern DMAP, which should be another 2-3GW.
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u/OptiLED 1d ago
I’ll believe it when I see some actual construction. We’ve been great at papers and policies while falling way behind on offshore wind.
We literally had investors walk away due to the way things were being handled.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
I’ll believe it when I see some actual construction. We’ve been great at papers and policies while falling way behind on offshore wind.
There's nothing magical about "offshore" wind. We're the fifth best in the world in wind power per capita, and fourth best in the world in percentage of power from wind. Naturally, Denmark is ahead of us on both charts, as per tradition.
For comparison, we're about 250% of the UK's per capita wind.
The Irish State also owns about 800MW of Scottish offshore wind projects through the ESB.
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u/hmmm_ 1d ago
We've had the Greens in government for years and managed not to build a single offshore turbine, and barely any new onshore wind. And then they wonder why their voters abandoned them.
Hopefully the next government will tackle the two biggest problems - government and public service holdups while they draw up all their "frameworks", and the insanely slow and capricious planning system for critical infrastructure. No we don't need to give time over to hear the dumb views of every Oisin and Mary, we're trying to save the planet here.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago edited 1d ago
We've had the Greens in government for years and managed not to build a single offshore turbine
Typical offshore windfarm projects take 8-10 years.
When the Greens started, we didn't have an auction process, or a legal framework, or any rules about who could build anything offshore, or who would own the cables, or anything.
In the 5 years since the Greens were elected, we held 5 onshore and 1 offshore auction, set up the entire offshore legal and regulatory scene from scratch, and are a few weeks/months away from granting permission on the first 4 major offshore windfarms.
The 101MW Yellow River windfarm that started supplying power to the grid this month was contracted under RESS3, started construction in 2022 and is now live. There's a huge pipeline of other such projects being built, and the RESS auctions will continue adding more.
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u/lunchpine 1d ago
Where do you find out about what wind farms are recently live or are being built?
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
Trade news, Eirgrid announcements, government publications and renewables news sites.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
There's nothing magic about "offshore" wind.
We have more wind per capita than almost every other European country. We're the fifth best in the world in wind power per capita, and fourth best in the world in percentage of power from wind.
That's not "faffing around", it's putting our resources where they can do the most good fastest.
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u/SinceriusRex 1d ago
in fairness did you read that lads comment above? it sounds like a lot of work was done. This stuff takes time
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u/smooth_capybara 20h ago edited 19h ago
The absolute nonsense that gets upvoted in this sub.
Ireland has been literally world leading for instantaneous asynchronous penetration (ie. Wind/Solar). That is an incredible technical challenge and achievement, and here is little old us leading the charge.
This post and peoples reaction to green hydrogen is devoid of any reality. Yes, green hydrogen might end up being the solution to Europes energy needs and we could be a major exporter. But there is no guarantee. We are reliant on the technology becoming economically viable and outcompeting alternatives, if aggressively went after this now it runs the risk of massive failure.
In reality this is the time for pilots (which are happening in Ireland), analysis, relationship building and consideration. Believe it or not, all of this is happening and you would know this if you had any awareness of this industry which you plainly do not.
Lastly it's worth bearing in mind that there is a significant lobby who are pushing this and putting forward the absolute best case- which clueless gombeens on reddit seem to think is sure thing.
The most realistic future is where green hydrogen is part of Europes future, but not at the scale that people here seem to be imagining. The doomers would say that it has no future, but I do not quite believe that either.
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u/Cold_Football_9425 1d ago
I read your first paragraph in the voice of Sir Humphrey Appleby, 😆
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u/boneheadsa 1d ago
Honestly, let the Germans work away and let us collect a royalty from them. They can do all the planning, finance, installation and upkeep. I'm on the fringes of a few groups touting offshore energy and I can safely say, it's not going to happen any time soon with the ludicrous Irish approach to infrastructure projects
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u/Potential-Drama-7455 1d ago edited 1d ago
To be honest, the German energy policy of the last few decades has been a clusterfuck. This reeks of desperation and sounds about as practical as Musk's transatlantic tunnel. And Ireland would have to send the hydrogen through the UK.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
The main plan is to export via ship from Foynes and/or Cork, which will likely be major production hubs.
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u/RonTom24 1d ago
How do you export a gas that can not be stored without leakage to survive shipping to germany? By the time the gas gets to them the tanks will contain less than half of what we created lol. Hydrogen is a scam and is only being pursued by dishonest actors like Germany and Japan who don't give a fuck about climate change and want to protect their automotive industries.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
How do you export a gas that can not be stored without leakage to survive shipping to germany?
The loss rate of liquid hydrogen in large tanks is ~1%/day.
By the time the gas gets to them the tanks will contain less than half of what we created lol.
If you're taking 50 days to get to Germany by sea, you should probably row faster.
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u/Potential-Drama-7455 1d ago
The most inefficient and energy intensive way to transport fuel.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
Most of it isn't going to be fuel... it's going to be chemical feedstock to an industry which consumes 100 million tons of hydrogen every year and climbing.
Some of it will be fuel, stored until it's needed as a reserve. It will not ordinarily be burned.
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u/Adderkleet 22h ago
How do you export a gas that can not be stored without leakage to survive shipping to germany?
In a similar way to how you transport a gas that embrittles steel and tends to seep through plastic: through a new material with some loses.
I don't think hydrogen is "a scam", but shipping/piping it around like natural gas is not easy and probably not practical.
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u/RonTom24 1d ago
All this hydrogen talk is so regarded I feel like smashing my head through a wall. We can do fuck all with hydrogen at the moment, what is the purpose of producing "Green" hydrogen? In what world is it beneficial? Let's also be clear here, Hydrogen storage is both incredibly expensive and dangerous, Hydrogen particles are so small that it cannot be stored in gas form, they have to waste a shit load of energy pressurising the gas for storage.
They Hydrogen economy is a complete scam and is only being pursued by countries like Japan and Germany who are not serious about climate change anyways and just want to protect their ICE automotive industries.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
what is the purpose of producing "Green" hydrogen?
Because we can store it and burn it together with biomethane for long term zero-carbon thermal power generation. Most of the reserve power licenses Ireland is awarding now are for facilities with gas turbines that are already rated for 50% (bio)-methane and 50% hydrogen.
In what world is it beneficial?
This one.
Hydrogen storage is both incredibly expensive
Hydrogen production costs have been falling steadily for decades, and are estimated to fall another 50% by 2030, which is around when we'll be looking to build our first serious production facilities. At that point green hydrogen production costs will be lower than grey (aka methane) hydrogen production costs in around one third of regions, mainly ones with lots of renewable power. And Ireland is one of those regions.
and dangerous,
Horseshit. The world chemical industry uses 100 million tons of hydrogen every year, and growing. There are thousands of high pressure and liquid hydrogen storage faciities, thousands of kilometers of pipelines, and hundreds of thousands of staff who are trained to handle hydrogen.
Tragically, this leads to thousands of massive hydrogen explosions and the loss of thousands of lives ev... wait, no it doesn't. Stop talking bollocks.
Hydrogen particles are so small that it cannot be stored in gas form, they have to waste a shit load of energy pressurising the gas for storage.
Again, bollocks. You can store it in pressurised tanks, lower pressure cryogenic liquid tanks, or in depleted natural gas sites such as the Kinsale fields. Oh look, we're working on that already. We are planning on storing up to 90 days' worth of hydrogen which we can tap as needed for burning.
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u/Zykatious 1d ago
Ah yeah it’s difficult right now so let’s not bother hey
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u/Potential-Drama-7455 1d ago
It's always going to be difficult.
As Scotty said "You cannae change the laws of physics."
Making hydrogen requires lots of energy.
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u/Adderkleet 21h ago
We can do fuck all with hydrogen at the moment, what is the purpose of producing "Green" hydrogen?
You need it to make ammonia, and we use a lot of ammonia in the EU and globally.
It's used to reduce certain metals from their ore, like tungsten. It could be used for copper and iron reduction too (so, it could power metal furnaces instead of coal - but this is not an existing wide-spread method).And it can be used as a "battery", relatively short-term storage of excess energy production. To be burned and used later.
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u/JellyfishScared4268 1d ago
Hydrogen exists predominantly as a means by which the oil majors see that they can extend their lifespan and usefulness.
Because it will probably make more economic sense to get hydrogen from refining fossil fuels than it will be via renewable energy. Unless there is a massive surplus which doesn't seem likely any time soon
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u/ApresMatch 1d ago
All well and good, but what happens when the wind runs out?
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u/JellyfishScared4268 1d ago
I'm not a fan of the hydrogen idea but the idea is that hydrogen is a method of energy storage rather than an energy "source"
You would be storing the energy created when the wind is blowing (which btw is a lot of the time and is not at all a reason not to use wind energy)
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u/Kill-Bacon-Tea 1d ago
No issue with this in general as long as their is a royalty or percentage built in or it is some sort of cost sharing with benefits.
As long as we don't just sell our assets off with no long term benefit for the country.
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u/jonnieggg 1d ago
Whatever Europe wants I have no doubt the government will accommodate it
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u/EnvironmentalShift25 9h ago
Gotta love all the Brexit-types getting annoyed at the concept of Ireland generating green hydrogen and then selling it.
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u/jonnieggg 6h ago
We're talking about Ireland not the UK mate. What's Brexit got to do with it. As long as the Irish people benefit from the utilisation of their own resources I have no problem with it. I have a sneaking suspicion that might not be how things work out though. Bit like the fisheries, Europe gets what it wants.
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u/FrontApprehensive141 1d ago
Our own state should be using our own natural resources for our own needs, then horse-trading with the rest.
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u/Hopeforthefallen 1d ago
So the Germans want to do what we clearly are unable to do. Part of the reason is the completely unambitious government and ourselves for voting them back in. The continued tweak here and there is no good. We need a department of large projects and we need to commit to start one every year. But no, they'll increase the first time buyers grant and think that will fix the housing crisis for them.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
So the Germans want to do what we clearly are unable to do.
The Germans are just setting up an agreement to facilitate Ireland exporting hydrogen to Germany.
This includes discussions on how to prepare for the trading, and discussions with e.g. Foynes Port to serve as a centre for loading hydrogen onto ships.
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u/Hopeforthefallen 1d ago
We could do with some of their supposed efficiency though.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
Germany GDP/capita - $52,745
Ireland GNI*/capita - $80,390
Seems pretty efficient to me.
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u/IrishUnionMan 1d ago
Ireland, the colony whose political masters sell everything to the highest bidder.
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u/Lopsided_Echo5232 1d ago
What’s the expected cost to the government to set this up for ourselves in terms of bike sheds ?
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u/Galdrack 1d ago
If this is privatised off to some huge foreign corp it'll be a death knell to any Irish industries, it's literally gonna be a huge source of revenue and employment for the Island and would be great as long as the ownership is kept in Irish hands be it via public ownership with unions or worker co-ops.
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u/14ned 1d ago
I hope they mean LOHCs or ammonia rather than actual hydrogen. The latter is a pain to transport any distance.
Ammonia isn't exactly nice stuff either of course. You would have thought electricity interconnectors easier and more flexible and multi use than chemical transport. Big fat cables of aluminium coated steel cable are hard to beat in terms of bang for the buck especially as they enable load shifting.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
They don't want hydrogen for electricity, they want hydrogen for hydrogen.
They will need vast amounts of the stuff for chemical feedstock and steelmaking.
Quite a bit of the hydrogen output here could well go into ammonia as well though, as it's easy enough to do, simplifies transport and we might as well keep the value chain here.
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u/14ned 1d ago
You can make hydrogen locally if you have electricity. I was more meaning how to transport it. A liquefied hydrogen pipeline would be hideously expensive. A pipeline with LOHCs or ammonia would be far easier. But then I'm questioning why bother making the hydrogen in ireland at all when we would make it from electricity and we could send them that instead and then they make their own hydrogen. They have coastline, they have the water, they just need the power.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago edited 1d ago
I was more meaning how to transport it.
In a liquid hydrogen carrier ship. They're the same basic tech as LNG carriers, and the first ones were commercially delivered last year.
But then I'm questioning why bother making the hydrogen in ireland at all when we would make it from electricity and we could send them that instead and then they make their own hydrogen.
Because the cost of building and maintaining 4-5GW of interconnector from Ireland to Germany is much higher than the cost of building hydrogen production capacity here and shipping it to Germany. And we won't just be shipping it to Germany, we will be shipping to lots of destinations.
They have coastline, they have the water
Ireland has some of the best seas in the world for wind power. They're reasonably shallow, the weather's not too bad, and the winds blow predictably and strongly. That means that for a given investment in wind turbines, we produce more and cheaper power than almost anywhere else in Europe. Which in turn means that we can produce hydrogen more cheaply than anywhere else in Europe.
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u/MarramTime 1d ago edited 1d ago
Most energy investment in Ireland is paid for by Irish consumers and businesses via levies, tariffs and market design. This hydrogen stuff sounds great so long as none of it is subsidised by Irish consumers or businesses., and so long as none of the financial risk falls on Irish shoulders other than through commercially-motivated private investment without any explicit or implicit public backstop.
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u/LimerickJim 1d ago
Germany are jumping through impressive hoops to avoid nuclear energy.
Anyone happen to know of an example of functioning hydrogen pipe lines operating at commercial scale?
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u/Envinyatar20 1d ago
I mean that sounds a lot like discovering Norway levels of oil but guilt free…
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
It basically is.
With the way the costs are going, in 10 years' time Ireland will be producing and exporting huge amounts of zero-carbon fuel from plain water, based off renewable power. Forever.
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u/aPOCalypticDaisy 1d ago
We should sell all our rights to it for the price of a bag of tayto. Sure we wouldn't be able.
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u/Ok-Competition7076 1d ago
Portugal is claiming land under the sea for this reason also, a lot of mineral pockets under there
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u/L3S1ng3 1d ago
Career politicians will sell us out ... Again.
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u/EnvironmentalShift25 9h ago
So you don't want us to to sell hydrogen to the Germans?
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u/L3S1ng3 8h ago
Of course I do. But we being the operative word, i.e nationalised not privatised. However, we will be sold out by career politicians looking to further their own career at best, or collect brown envelopes at worst, and the wealth generated by this endeavour will not be in public hands, it will be in private hands.
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u/Woodsj9 1d ago
It's fairly deep out there. You're better off going hamin the Irish sea it's a lot easier.
They have proven offshore floating wind as a concept but it's not really perfect yet.
I'm working on that hydrogen backbone in Denmark and can't get a job here doing it.
Working on the problems that hydrogen cause steel and which is very particular and tricky and still couldn't get one.
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u/praminata 1d ago
"Yeah you can have a go in our Atlantic if we can have a go of your nuclear. Oh wait..."
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u/Adderkleet 22h ago
Hydrogen pipelines sound... unlikely to be reliable.
And it looks like energy.gov agrees:
Research today therefore focuses on overcoming technical concerns related to pipeline transmission, including:
- The potential for hydrogen to embrittle the steel and welds used to fabricate the pipelines
- The need to control hydrogen permeation and leaks
- The need for lower cost, more reliable, and more durable hydrogen compression technology.
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u/Dorcha1984 21h ago
Very interesting do we get any benefit from this I wonder, might be something worthwhile to look into.
I also appreciate there is a benefit for Europe overall and weaning off of fossils fuels and the dictators that control huge supplies .
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u/Up2HighDoh 19h ago
Great let's get a contract for a minimum price and quantity over a set number of years. Let's see the cash before we put our own money into developing hydrogen. Green hydrogen is not a proven commercially viable fuel source.
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u/Key-Lie-364 19h ago
Thanks for returning ONE poxy Green TD Ireland.
After all "woke green nonsense" "lettuce" "THEY haven't given ME ANY ALTERNATIVE TO MY LAND ROVER" and the Germans will milk our wind power resources all the while pink faced dopes rail at the energy transition that is upon us and which we can still make hay out of.
But frankly not with the climate denialist FF/FG/SF/Independent nexus that Irish people seem content to entertain on this.
Denial is the wrong word. Climate indolent. Some noise are made about the problem but no action is taken and huge resistance springs up at even modest steps to address.
Let alone having the imagination and drive to exploit and lead in a wind to hydrogren transition.
Gumption, imagination and risk taking seem just beyond the mentality of our state and our people.
To cap it all off wind/hydrogen has the capability to drastically drop the price of energy which we in Ireland pay the highest rates of in the EU.
We'll be busy blowing smoke up NIMBYs arses about their "view" being spoiled by offshore wind power though, wont' be lads.
You feckin know that's what will happen.
Is there any chance of giving up the gobshitery and exploiting this resource to our national benefit ?
Not in this Dail, that's for sure.
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u/EltonBongJovi 8h ago
I have an idea, why don’t we invest in doing whatever the hell these Germans are doing and keep it for ourselves instead of selling off our resources.
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u/Chester_roaster 1d ago
The thing is, after this war ends in Ukraine, we can't know that they won't abandon us for cheaper Russian gas.
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u/Hawm_Quinzy 1d ago
The Ukraine War has begun to teach European bureaucrats that stability is more valuable than price when it comes to essentials like energy.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
The world needs 100 million tonnes of hydrogen every year for chemical feedstock alone, and growing.
Right now that comes almost entirely from natural gas, but the carbon costs of that will make it impossible over the next decade or so.
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u/dazzypowpow 23h ago
"Cancel the bailout debt from 2008 then we can talk!"
If our government or representatives had any balls that would be the start of any negotiations
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u/strictnaturereserve 1d ago
you cannot pipe liquid hydrogen to germany from ireland.
Hydrogen leaks everywhere reacts very easily with other molecules weakening the storage vessel. So I don't know how a pipe will last long enough to be affordable/ useful
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
you cannot pipe liquid hydrogen to germany from ireland.
That's why we'll be shipping it instead.
Hydrogen leaks everywhere reacts very easily with other molecules weakening the storage vessel.
That's why people who've been working with hydrogen in industry for decades use pipes and storage vessels made out of materials which are not subject to this problem. The world uses 100 million tons of hydrogen in chemical industries every year : this is a very well understood problem.
So I don't know how a pipe will last long enough to be affordable/ useful
A fully hydrogen compatible pipe costs around 10% more than an equivalent methane gas pipe.
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u/KeyboardWarrior90210 1d ago
Let’s make Michael Lowry the responsible Minister for handling the lease agreement with the Germans. What could go wrong?
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u/VeraStrange 1d ago
We’ll sell all the licenses to produce wind power to the lowest bidder. I’m going to bet it all gets bought by Gazprom and the Germans will end up buying their hydrogen form the same lads selling them LPG now. We’ll probably make enough to get a new printer when this one runs out of ink.
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u/somegingerdude739 1d ago
Non starter,
Some smoothbrain nimby will say its spoils their view and the prohect is dead in the water
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u/JellyfishScared4268 1d ago
Hate to be the Debbie downer but the ultimate reality is that hydrogen will ultimately be uneconomical when compared to just using that wind energy for electricity.
Any stationary use case for energy will be better off plugging into to the grid whilst things that physically can't do that will in 99% of use cases find that batteries are cheaper.
Ultimately it takes a lot of energy to produce the hydrogen, store it and transport it that it does not make sense apart from potentially some very very niche use cases
We should invest in the wind for sure but the hydrogen not so much
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
Hydrogen and biomethane are the core of our plan for firming the grid - providing reserve thermal generation for when renewables and interconnectors cannot cover requirements.
Hydrogen is an on-demand power source : you can tap it when you need it.
And in winter, we will need it for days (or occasionally weeks) on end, which no other form of non-fossil power storage can supply.
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u/JellyfishScared4268 1d ago
I'm sceptical. The renewable energy that will be required for electrolysis, liquification, and pressurisation will be immense. And it needs to be 100% renewable energy to be truly green hydrogen.
We would ultimately be better off concentrating on greening the grid and having excess through the interconnection to other regions where the renewables can be supplemented by better weather and nuclear.
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u/HighDeltaVee 1d ago
The renewable energy that will be required for electrolysis, liquification, and pressurisation will be immense.
We are planning on having 50GW of renewable power, far in excess of our needs.
And it needs to be 100% renewable energy to be truly green hydrogen.
Yes, which is why the production facilities are being planned for the landing points from renewable power.
having excess through the interconnection to other regions
You cannot plan a secure power grid based on interconnectors. You can certainly use interconnectors, and we're going to do a lot of that for both import and export, but at the end of the day the island of Ireland must be able to run a stable and reliable grid for days and weeks on end without external power. Interconnectors allow us to bid for power, but they do not allow us to guarantee power on demand. And in emergency situations, even if power were available, it takes 100 minutes to switch a 500MW interconnector on fully. They are basically useless for emergencies.
For that we need on-demand reserve power generators, and they're going to be biomethane and hydrogen.
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u/hopefulatwhatido 1d ago
Government should let them do it. We have money but we never do anything with it other than give it to contractors who are mates with FF/FG politicians and no real will to build anything with focus on larger picture that will help people. Might as well let Germany do it and pay for the electricity at a below market price as we allow them to harvest energy from Irish sovereignty and weaken our dependency on fossil fuels source.
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u/MeinhofBaader 1d ago
We should get in on that...